The Key to Successful Best Rated College Paper Writing Services

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William Shakespeare s Othello And O - 1760 Words

The O-ffects of Jealousy: A Comparison of Final Scenes in Othello and O If William Shakespeare were alive today he could have been a millionaire movie producer, but alas his misfortune caused him to die an author who causes many students to cringe upon the mention of his name. William Shakespeare wrote the classic Othello in 1604, in 2001 Tim Blake Nelson directed the film O based on Othello. Both of these stories run the same story line but with a difference in setting, time period, and characters names. The correlation to the original Othello that O displays allows for a better understanding of the text as well as a deeper appreciation for the talented mind of Shakespeare. The final scene of Othello can be translated into a modern adaptation for a younger audience and still correlate with the original. The final scene in Othello is a pivotal shocking twist which Shakespeare is known to incorporate into many of his works. Shakespeare continues his habit of killing off main characters in the final scene. The original Othello and the more recent film, O, contrast well within the final scene. Both versions include the deaths of the same characters and both versions execute the feeling that Shakespeare intended his audience to experience. Upon closer observation it can be analyzed why film director Tim Blake Nelson would make the changes that he did. The final scene in Othello can be a confusing subject for many readers and is often avoided by younger audiences. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Contemporary American Rendition Of Othello By William Shakespeare1191 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, composed by Shakespeare in 1603, is a standout amongst the most disputable and pertinent plays to both society and people. It investigates themes such as gender equality and Jealousy that are still pervasive today. The film O, on the other hand, is the contemporary American rendition of Othello. It too explores similar notions pertinent to society. At the core of both these texts there are universal themes that make it similar, however, each text has been altered by the composers, WilliamRead More Irregularities in Othello1716 Words   |  7 PagesIrregularities in Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The Shakespearean tragedy Othello contains various irregularities of time and occurrence which cause the audience to scratch their head in wonder and doubt. Let us analyze some of these shortcomings in this essay.    In the Introduction to The Riverside Shakespeare Frank Kermode explains one of the difficulties in Othello:    Othello murders his wife on the second night in Cyprus. The difficulty, of which Shakespeare was clearly aware, arisesRead MoreEssay about Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello1581 Words   |  7 PagesJealousy in Othello  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare is known for his exceptional ability to compose plays full of deceit, trickery, revenge, and jealousy. The play Othello, evolves around the theme of jealousy.    One of Shakespeares most credible characteristics in his writing is his ability to compose a play in which has a story that originates, and strides on lies. As theses lies were unraveled the central theme of his play became distinct, and clearly visible. The central theme wasRead MoreAnalysis Of Sax s Film Othello 1457 Words   |  6 PagesGeoffrey Sax s advanced retelling of William Shakespeare s Othello can control Shakespeare s unique ideas in spite of the time period and connection in which both writings happen, while investigating the all inclusive topics of prejudice, misogyny and force. Shakespeare s play reflects conventional Elizabethan connections and qualities in its investigation of such ideas amidst a catastrophe impelled on by misleading and desirously (Aebischer 12). On the other hand, Geoffrey Sax s 2001 representationRead MoreEssay about Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello1450 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeares Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚   Othello features jealousy as the dominant motive for action and therefore just as reflected in real life we bare witness to jealousy influencing the characters of Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo, and Othello. In this essay I shall be attempting to examine this theme in depth drawing comparison between jealousy and the consequential action.   The dominance of jealousy as the chief causative force of action in the drama is very obvious to most critics. In William Shakespeare:Read MoreEssay on The Theme of Self Esteem in Othello1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe Theme of Self Esteem in Othello For the theater-going people of the Elizabethan age, there were many hardships. Many of them experienced poor living conditions and treatment. All of them faced the dangers of a comparatively underdeveloped medical knowledge which often left the young and elderly to die of common diseases. The magic of Shakespeare is not only that historians can learn of otherwise undocumented details of the 1500s, but also that all readers can discover the many similaritiesRead More Iago of William Shakespeares Othello Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesIago of William Shakespeares Othello Who is Iago? Iago poisons peoples thoughts, creating ideas in their heads without implicating himself. His first victim is Roderigo. Roderigo remarks, That thou, Iago, who hast had my purse as if the strings were thine. [Act I, Scene I, Line 2] Throughout the play, Iago leads Roderigo, professing that . . . I do hate [the Moor] as I do Hell pains. [Act I, Scene I, Line 152] He tells Roderigo to Put money in thy purse [Act I, Scene III, Line 328]Read MoreOthellos Tragic Flaw Essays1208 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, a Moor, comes to Venice after several years of serving in the military. Being a Moor makes it difficult to be taken seriously. I tis like segregation in the 1960’s, white’s had luxury while colored had almost nothing. In order for Othello to gain some respect, he had to gain authoritative power, which he did by becoming a military general. In the military Othello meets Cassio and Iago, he chooses Cassio as his lieutenant which upsets Iago. The promotion of C assio begins to show jealousyRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesprofitable in condition of good and immorality. Othello is presented as good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1599 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despite

Methods of cortical specialisation free essay sample

Methods of studying cortical specialisation are divided into two groups: the invasive, and the non-invasive. The invasive methods are those, in which something is injected into the brain, to find out what the problem is. The non-invasive methods are more ethical, as there are no changes in the brain area, therefore no damage can be done to it. One of the invasive methods of cortical specialisation is neurosurgery. It involves manipulating with the structures within the brain. There are two main ways of performing neurosurgery: ablation, which is a surgical procedure used to remove certain areas of the brain, and lesioning, which is cutting neural connections within the brain. An advantage of using neurosurgery, is that it allows for a lot of control and detail in the location of faults within the brain. On the other hand, cutting neural connections, or removing certain parts of the brain, may damage other ones, which may lead to a more severe consequence. We will write a custom essay sample on Methods of cortical specialisation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another invasive method is electrical and chemical stimulation. It is a very important technique, which involves electrical stimulation of certain parts of the brain. There is also the Wada test, which is a chemical test used to establish which functions correspond to which hemisphere of the brain, which is done by injecting an anaesthetic into one hemisphere at a time in order to stop any language or memory functions in that hemisphere. A strength of this method, is that stimulating the brain is less harmful than surgery, therefore making it more ethical, however, the research conducted on animals, cannot be applied onto humans, which may cause unreliable results. Post-mortems, are another method. They are used to compare brains to look for faults. A patient, who has a rare affliction, is examined after his death. The part of the brain that is damaged is then associated with the affliction. Before the introduction of scans and X-rays, this was one of the only ways to study cortical specialisation. It provides a great understanding on rare cases in individual patients, but getting a persons brain for experimental purposes, can be very difficult. One of the main non-invasive methods of studying cortical specialisation, is the electroencephalogram, or the EEG, which is a measurement of electrical activity via a recording from electrodes placed on the patients head. The signal is then shown on a computer screen which the doctors can analyse. An advantage of this, is that the doctor is not interacting with the brain, therefore natural measurements are taken, which in turn increases the reliability, but electrodes may not be sensitive enough to pick up the slight actions which may be the cause for a fault. Scans are also a very good way of studying the brain. There are 3 main types of scans: the CAT scan, the PET scan, and the MRI scan. Computerised axial tomography (CAT) is a scan, where a narrow X-ray beam is sent through a patients head to measure the amount of radiation absorbed. This is done on hundreds of axes throughout the head. These are then fed onto a computer. They are useful for evaluating the amount of swelling due to tissue damage. Position emission tomography (PET) is a procedure where different levels of neural activity are assessed when the brain is active. A small amount of radioactive glucose is injected into the patients veins, which then is used by the brain like normal glucose, and scientists can measure the amount of radiation. This scan may seem invasive, but no unusual substance is directly injected into the brain, therefore no harm is done. Magnetic resonance imaging, is a very sophisticated technique where scanners use magnetic fields and radio waves to produce a high quality image of a persons brain. This is done by placing a patient in a tunnel surrounded by a magnet, and then, the body is exposed to a pulse, to which the tissues react, and the reaction is measured by the scientist. This is done repeatedly to produce precise images. Scans provide high amounts of detailed knowledge of areas of the brain while they are active, therefore they give the most reliable results, but on the other hand, they do not record spontaneous behaviour, and also they can be very time consuming.

Reading ability of Damascus class Essay Example

Reading ability of Damascus class Essay Introduction: a. Background of the Study Reading is the most important skill a person should develop. The ultimate goal of reading is to help a person be able to understand the written material, to evaluate it and to apply it in a certain subject. In order to accomplish these things and be good in reading comprehension, one should read books more often. A person who reads book may have a wide range of imagination compared to some who dont. According to an essay writer named Arlene Babes-Evoke Filipinos are not book lovers. As what she had written, Filipinos hate solitude and are also impatient. We will write a custom essay sample on Reading ability of Damascus class specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reading ability of Damascus class specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reading ability of Damascus class specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, there are some opinions that not all Filipinos are these kinds of readers. Nowadays, many of the Filipinos who loved to read books are experiencing difficulties in how to make reading, a habit. So in this study, the researchers will be discussing about how a certain section loved or hate books. The focus of this research study is the Grade VI pupils of Isabella District II. Many would think that all students in this section are interested in reading books, not knowing that almost half of this class are not book lovers; yes, they do read books but only for the sake of grades (e. I. English subject). This research study will help readers understand and work out the problems why there are still students who have difficulties in reading books. This can help some of the students of the Damascus class to learn and find books as the love of their hearts. B. Objectives of the Study The purpose of this study is to find out the reasons why some of the IV Year Damascus class have no reading interest while several of them are critical readers of all kind of books. Specifically, it hopes to answer the if. : 1 . What are the reasons why there are still several Damascus class does not find books interesting? 2. What is the percentage of the Damascus class who loves to read books? Who does not have any interest in reading books? 3. On what level of reading, the students of fourth year Damascus is? 4. What help are being taken to eliminate the reading illness? 5. What help are being taken to improve the level of reading of the book lovers in the Damascus class? C. Scope and Limitation This study is concerned with the reading problems of the Damascus class only. This study covers all, which is all about reading as a skill, reading problems. The researcher only interviews, ask questions to this student of Damascus class. * Definition of Terms Solitude state AT Dealing alone: ten state AT Dealing alone, separated Trot toner people, winter considered as a welcome freedom from disturbance or as an unhappy loneliness * Slothful- lazy Levels of reading * Pre-reader -Pre-reader books are for young children and adults that have not yet learned to read the language the book is written in, or have Just started to learn to pronounce and read simple words. A pre-readers vocabulary is typically small. A pre- reader is likely to have difficulty reading and understanding long words and sentences. These books should use of a lot of pictures and are likely to be read out loud with a parent or educator present. * Beginner -Books at the beginner skill level are intended for young children that can read on their own. Beginners can understand longer sentences and have a higher vocabulary than pre-readers. However, beginners are likely to have some difficulties still with pronunciation and comprehension when new vocabulary is encountered or introduced. These books are likely about basic subjects and use a minimum amount of difficult vocabulary. Difficult words that are used should be properly introduced. These books are likely to still rely heavily on pictures * Intermediate -Books at the intermediate skill level are intended for readers at an average adult reading level. Sentence structures are likely to be more diverse and more difficult vocabulary is often used without an explanation. An intermediate reader is more likely to understand new words and vocabulary Just from the context and usage. These books are likely to provide more in depth information about a subject than a beginner level book would, which may require using and explaining some specialized Jargon. These books should be accessible to readers without any reticular expertise in the subject area and should avoid using Jargon without explanations. * Advanced -Books at the advanced skill level depend on more background knowledge and understanding of more specialized vocabulary than is common for intermediate readers. Some subject-specific Jargon is likely to be used without explanation, but a heavy reliance on subject-specific Jargon should be avoided to increase readability and comprehension. Professional -Books at the professional skill level tend to be highly subject-specific and require extensive background knowledge among readers. Jargon tends to be seed extensively, and readability is often sacrificed for precision. These books may be dry and academic and not welcoming to most readers. E. Importance of the Study This research study gives importance on how the ISABELLA II PUPILS learn and handle their reading capabilities for them to use for daily lives and for facing the futu re that is ahead of them. Reading ability is needed to comprehend materials important to daily living. Reading will also affect the academic performance of the students and thus, this is the importance of the study. T Insoles statement Reading might be a burden for students, but reading also is the most important part in the lives of students especially for the graduating students. II. Review of Related Literature Reading is an important skill for the lives of the students. Reading skill helps students to understand more about their lessons and help them in their vocabularies, expanding their reading comprehension and to have an advantage in speaking English language fluently. It also helps widen the imagination of the readers and ideas Development of Reading Skills Some educators see reading comprehension as a series of sub skills, such as understanding word meaning word meaning in context, finding the main dead, making inferences about information implied but not stated, and distinguishing between fact and opinion. In high school and college, reading materials become more abstract and contain a larger, more technical vocabulary. At this stage, the student not only must acquire new information but also must critically analyze the text and achieve an optimal reading rate based on the difficulty of the material and the purpose of the reading. (Incarnate Premium, 2009) Improving Reading Skills How do you help yourself improve reading competence? Word study is one way for the older student to improve reading ability. This involves using a dictionary and thesaurus, studying word parts, and learning how to find the meaning of a word from the context. Students can also improve their vocabularies by paying conscious attention to any new words they may encounter. Because a mature reader must have several different reading rates available for different materials and purposes, practice in skimming a passage for general meaning and scanning for specific information is useful. The development of efficient study strategies is important in learning various kinds of subject matter. One useful duty technique is outlining, which helps to develop an awareness of the main points and details of a selection. (Incarnate Premium,2009). Improving adolescents literacy skills is more difficult, and its more difficult for a number of reasons. One major reason is this whole thing of attitude. We find that a lot of adolescents understandably, if theyve been struggling with literacy have really developed negative attitudes about reading, writing, the whole subject of dealing with improving their academic skills. (Kevin Feldman, De. D. ) To improve reading skills, a reader should know the tactics on how to be a good reader. To improve reading ability, a person should have a work study, it involves thesaurus and dictionary which can help the readers understand more about the content of the book. Skimming the passage for general theme and scanning for a specific information is useful. L nà ©e Must really unreason Tanat Improving tenet rearing Ana writing skills Is not something that adults do to them. Its really something that is done with them. That meaner forging a partnership so that the kids and young people understand the specifics of whats going on what we can do, how long it will take so that they have ambitious but realistic goals. . (Kevin Feldman, De. D. ) Read ing improvement is not only centered on the students, themselves. It is also depend on to the teacher or the leader of the school, if they have the passion for having students the opportunity to be book lovers. Reading ability is very difficult to assess accurately. In the communicative competence model, a students reading level is the level at which that student is able to use reading to accomplish communication goals. This meaner that assessment of reading ability needs to be correlated with purposes for reading. (http://www. CLC. Org/essentials/reading/serenaded. HTML, 2003,2004) Causes of Reading Problems according to Kevin Feldman, De. D. 1 . Falling Behind Many students lack the reading skills required for their grade level. If students fall behind at early ages, by the time they reach high school, it is very difficult for them to catch up. According to the NAPE, 26 percent of 12th-graders cannot read at the basic level. These students may never learn to read. Whos to Blame? Parents are not helping their young children learn to read, either because of laziness or because they work long hours. Technology can also take some of the blame. According to a study published in Reuters, children who have a major video game system in their home spend 30 percent less time reading and working on homework than a child without a system. That meaner they are not getting the skills necessary to keep up with their classmates. The Art of Testing Since instant messaging and cell phone testing has taken over many kids lives, they have become lazy readers. Given the 160 character confines of a standard text message, children are learning to shorten their messages and do away with standard incaution, said Michael Swan on Lovelorn. Com. In the Classroom What this meaner for our high cholers in the classroom is that they no longer have the attention span, nor the patience to do any serious reading. This leads to very lethargic students when it comes time to read in class. Ill- Moments Ana Procedure Questions Yes No Pre-Reader Beginner Advance Professional 1 . Are you interested in reading books 16 Percentage 58% 42% 2. Why? 45% 13% Why not? 15 argental 3 Have you read an 100% 4. What was the reason of reading that book? 8 79% 5. An tents level AT read Ins, winner AAA you thank you Delano? 7 5% The researchers of this study had gathered some data from the Damascus class through interviewing them. Below is the summary of the survey the researchers did. Choices: 2. Why? A. Hobby/entertaining B. Gain more knowledge 4. A. School purposes B. Own interest Why not? A. Boring B. Too lazy The researchers had surveyed the students of Damascus class to know how efficient they are in reading. As a result of the survey, it has been proved that out of 38 correspondents only 22 of them have interests in books having the total percentage AT Wendell 16 AT teem NAS no Interest In reading Dodos navels a total argental of 42%. 45% of these students read books because it has been their habit and they found it very entertaining while 13% read books in order to gain more knowledge and get new ideas. However, those who answered NO were not interested in books having a total percentage of 42%. 0% of this percentage said that they found reading books, boring, while the remaining 2% found it slothful to do. In the question number three, the survey says that all the correspondents from the Damascus class have already read books. 21% of the students read books for school purpose while 79% reasoned that it is their own interest. The level of reading shows how the students rate th emselves according to their levels. It has also been observed that 5% of the students are still in the beginners level; 79% in the intermediate; and 16% claim that they were in the advance level of reading. IV- Results Reading books can help us improve reading skills. This part of the research can give us the overview of the result of the students of IV- Damascus in reading. The researchers have collected data and came up with a result. There are students in the Damascus class who are not interested in reading books because it is boring and lazy thing to do. Based on the survey, 58% of the students are interested in reading books while 42% are not. In the level of reading, 5% are the beginners level while most 79% are the intermediate and 16% are in the Advance level which headed to the professor. However, assistance can be offered to students who are having reading difficulties. As the researchers Procedure, they have found several results for the problem especially in improving the skills of the students. The investigation of this problem had pointed out solutions for those troubled students. Word study is one way of improving reading skills. For those who are booksellers in this section, they can improve their reading ability by continuing their holiday and taking up new challenges and having guidance from an expert. Therefore, It had been cleared that we have solutions to every problem when we think of positive results. V- summary, conclusions, Recommendation Summary: This study was about improving the reading skills of the Fourth Year Damascus class. Based on the data gathered by the researchers, they have found out that almost half of this class have no reading interest but its a good thing that the half of this class loved to read books. Those who show no interest in books have reading problems. The main reason of these students is that for them reading is boring. Environment has something to do with this kind of problem especially cell phones, the text messages that is sent by most of the teenagers were shorten which makes them to be a lazy readers, another is the internet, its true that internet makes the life of the students easy but students are abusing this technology so, whenever they have a project that have something to do with the computer, they Just copy paste them. These students that have no reading interests may think hat there is no chance for them to learn improve this reading skill. But the researchers found out some ways of improving their skills. First, they have to begin with the word study, whenever they read something they should keep on their side a dictionary or a thesaurus that would help them define the meaning of words that are difficult. Another is practice in skimming a passage for general meaning and scanning for specific information is useful, outlining, also helps to develop an awareness of the main points and details of a selection. Readers should have desire and interest in this skill because without those factors, the readers will to be able to improve their reading skills. Conclusion Therefore the researcher concluded that different students have different skills in reading. Others are diligent enough while others are lazy that they dont want reading to be their source of ideas, but in this study it can be improve through proper discipline. Recommendation If theres a will, theres a way. One can surpass the problem in reading if the person is willing to learn. The researchers point is to encourage each reader to have a positive thought about reading and to help each other one be good in this skill.

Creative Intelligence And Leadership Example

Creative Intelligence And Leadership Example Creative Intelligence And Leadership – Coursework Example Creative Intelligence and Leadership Baderman Island Resort. Successful people are ambitious and make significant discoveries through willing to take risks. I prefer situations where discovering new ideas and trying new approaches are encouraged. Being a manager of this prestigious resort, I aim at achieving results depending on being responsive and using my own ideas as well as those others. People see me as direct in my approach to innovation and disciplined on my course. Therefore, when I was introduced to this goal of making Baderman Island Resort a destination palace, I took it with confidence. It’s evident that people who make things happen introduce change. In this case, I see the future of Baderman being brighter than the stars. By changing the advertising strategy of this resort my aim is using social networks and both local and international newspapers.Through this means, we will achieve maximum publicity which in turn will produce maximum numbers of visits. Accompli shed organizations accomplish important goals by trying new approaches. Personally, I aim at making this resort the most organized in the world. Consequently, the organization of staff will enable quick response therefore leading to efficient services. It is important to note that people admire efficient services and therefore by taking advantage of that fact, we will attract a god number of customers.In conclusion, my final push will be breaking with tradition, I assume responsibility by allowing freedom of expression; this is because I believe in support from the members of staff and recognizing original ideas. Furthermore, i communicate best by giving instruction and also allowing corrections from my juniors. Therefore, by us working as a group we will surely accomplish the objections set by Baderman Island Resort.Work CitedMay, S., & Doubtfire, D. (2008). Creative writing (4th ed.). London: Teach Yourself.

What Is APA

What Is APA As you begin to explore standards for writing style, you might find yourself wondering, What is APA? The APA is the American Psychological Association, and the APA style is a method of citation they honed for their publications. It has become standard style for many universities and publications, because of its ease and uniformity. Why Citations Are Important As humans, our best ideas and analyses build on the knowledge that has been gathered before we came along. Whether youre performing literary analysis on an archaic poem, or whether youre writing about the latest scientific or technological principles, you will need to read the works of others. In so doing, you will want to make sure that you are giving credit where credit is due. Citations enable you to use the works of others as the foundation for your own claims. Using citations, you can easily reference the sources you use as you formulate your new concepts and theories. The APA citation guide allows you to incorporate these easy pieces of documentation into your thesis or term paper. What Is APA Doing for Academia? By creating a standard for documentation, APA has revolutionized and streamlined the writing process. When you write a paper requiring extensive quotation, you can end up with a bulky and hard-to-read paper, with most of your page taken up with citations. Such tedious documentation can be difficult on the readers eyes, and open the door for needless errors. So what is APA doing to change this? By creating a documentation style based around parenthetical citations, your citations take merely a few seconds to type. You are able to enclose an abbreviated version of your citation in a set of parentheses at the end of the pertinent sentence. An expounded list of works cited wraps up the paper, with full publication details. This enables you to create a streamlined paper, with the least amount of interruption.

Does Spelling Transparency Affect Visual Word Recognition And Short Essay

Does Spelling Transparency Affect Visual Word Recognition And Short Term Memory - Essay Example Before this is attained the logographic stage represents a group of arbitrary symbols without any meaning. When the alphabetic stage is attained (phonological recoding), transparent languages, as Italian, Greek and Spanish where a 'd' sounds like a 'd', the assembled pathway or assemble phonology is opened. It is not 100% infallible. The inconsistencies in the phonological recoding will mean that reading development will not be at the same rapidity for each language. A European study was completed of 14 European languages. It was found that "more transparent the language, the quicker students acquired logographic to phonemes (Ziegler, 2010). There were two other studies completed to confirm the findings. The socio-cultural behavioural differences were limited by taking similar cities which taught bilingual cultures. These two studies having taken into account the socio-cultural difference confirmed the findings of the European study. One study was done in Montreal where English and F rench are taught and in Whales where parents have a choice of sending their children to a Welsh or English speaking school. There is a relationship between those children, who have an understanding of a phoneme, rhyme or syllable, and those children who have better reading skills (Natasza 2010) "While early phonological awareness deficits do not have a strong influence on children's later reading development, deficits in sequential naming speed measure do. The deficits will require use of different lexicons to have a high level of spelling accuracy." (Landerl, Wimmer , 2008) In transparent languages, acquisition of the alphabetic stage comes more easily. (Ziegler 2010) A conclusive example are the two Japanese written... This paper stresses that it has been shown that spelling transparency is determined by the accessibility of the grapheme to phoneme association and its link to creating words. It has been demonstrated that there are different degrees of transparencies from Italian to Kanji where a "d" is a "d" and where a language stay completely in the logographic stage. The more transparent a language is the more access a reader has to an addressed process and to fewer lexicons thus easier comprehension to visual recognition. If a language is opaque and has a complex morphological system, the channeling processes requires the development of address processes and at least two lexicons. Visual Recognition takes longer. This report makes a conclusion that the phonological short term memory has been treated separately because of the importance of phonetic awareness and the effect on dyslexic children. The different mapping and lexicons have been shown to be an integral part of spelling transparency thus one can conclude that Spelling transparency effects word recognition. One can conclude that Spelling transparency has an effect on phonological short term memory for non cognitive impaired subjects. In assembled phonology, priming is stronger with pseudohomophones. and other lexicons must be used in addition to the phonological lexicon in order for words to be more easily recognized in transparent languages by their phonological components. French is a transparent language but there are many homophones.

Three Elements of Sustainable Design Research Paper

Three Elements of Sustainable Design - Research Paper Example In the similar manner, the utilization of recycling and reusing different things can also make the clear reduction in the green house emissions (Connectingthecoast.uwex.edu, n.pag.). On the other hand, the cutting down of forests is also producing endangering the environmental stability of the earth, as forests play an important role in maintaining the oxygen level in the atmosphere and maintaining the biodiversity of the planet. Besides that, forests also help is sustaining the water on the planet. In this paper I will examine the sustainable ideas employed by the ‘Green Print Solutions’ that is working as a paper printing company. The company ‘Green Print Solutions’ is a printing company that prints various kinds of banners and printed advertisements. The size of the prints may vary according to the order. Company is capable of proving all available sizes utilizing green and renewable resources thus impacting the environment as less as possible. The compan y is such designed to use the natural resources that can be grown or made available from the environmental sources. The word ‘design’ is to interpret the process from where the process starts to the end product. For any industry to be considered as the green industry, it must pass the criteria to green design. In green design, the industry mast have to utilize as less energy as possible, it must have the capability to utilize the natural resources and it must have no or less environmental impacts. The utilization of energy can be limited by utilizing the natural solar light for the lightening purposes, other methods may include the utilization of alternative resources like solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, etc for the generation of energy; however, the architecture also matters a lot. The utilization of natural resources, which can be locally available, can reduce the transportation costs and emissions. However, the environmental impacts can be minimized by making a cle ar reduction in the waste, reusing or recycling the wastes and utilizing the materials that are biodegradable. The whole process maintains the health of the environment and thus the health of the humans. The company has no or fewer environmental impacts and all the strategies the company is utilizing are environmentally friendly. The major aim of the company is to run the printing business by utilizing the green resources like the wood required for the printing of the paper come from the sustainably managed forests. Wastes from the industry are managed in such a way that the wastes no longer remain dangerous for the environment. Wastes are recycled for increasing the efficiency of the company not only in the economic sense but also considering the environmental aspects. The end products and nearly all types of the wastes omitted by the industry are biodegradable. The utilization of such the strategies not only reduces the green house emissions and environmental impacts but also give rise to the profits the company generates by selling the prints to various dealers and customers. The three important elements of the sustainable design are the environment, economy and society. Any company that has a sustainable design must maintain the three elements of the sustainable design. Any design that has the environmental sustainability but lacks the environmental sustainability would be not feasible (Exinfm.com, n.pag.). In the similar way, sustainable design

Marketing aspect Essay Example for Free

Marketing aspect Essay The management of Head’s Up is moderately efficient. They have accommodating and friendly personnel who provides the needs of their customers wherein they will ask what services they want to avail and instantly accommodate them. They have well equipped facilities and modern equipment that pave the way for more efficient ways of providing services for the customer’s convenience. E. SUPPLIERS The business supplier is from Luzon specifically Manila where they are exclusively supplying the treatments and medicines as well as other needs that they have to Head’s Up. Atty. Raymond said that they paid high to their supplier for exclusively purposes wherein they have a stall for the products that the supplier has at Ever Mall building 2nd floor. F. MARKETING MIX Place One of the most important aspects to consider for a business is its location. Wherein there are number of factors that need to be considered these are the customer needs and the employee needs such as customer convenience, parking, and accessibility. Head’s Up is located at 21 Silliman Avenue, Dumaguete City. Head’s Up location is considered as a strategic location knowing the fact that it is near to its target market which are the young professional, students, the foreigners and the walk-ins. Service Head’s Up being in a beauty industry offer the utmost service to the customers for it is the reason for its existence to give customer a great service and convenience that would give its customers a reason to come back. Promotion Promotion of a business establishment is important for it helps in positioning its image to its target market. Advertisement of an establishment is one way to garner publicity; Heads Up was launch in Metro Post newspaper and was later introduced in Negros Chronicles News and tied-up Radio station here in the City. Other than that Atty. Raymond told us that nothing more is effective to the word of mouth to its customers. Price The rates of their services are based on the price of the treatments and other medicines they use and also the services are priced in such a way that they compare themselves to the rates of their competitors. Head’s Up also offer 10% off to all services to its VIP cardholders and they also have happy hours to their SPA services specifically the Full Body Massage from 2pm-6pm wherein the price differ from its regular rate. Since one of their target markets are the students they also offer a student price range which is cheaper than the regular price. While in barbershop services they have this â€Å"Blowout† day every Tuesday wherein they price their haircut service half to its existing price. The following are the services and their corresponding rates of Head’s Up Barbershop, Salon and Spa. G. COMPETITOR’S ANALYSIS Competitive analysis plays a vital component in every business which made the owner aware the competition happening between its competitors. The following are one of the competitors of Heads Up Barbershop, Salon and Spa: Carlo Reyes Beauty Salon located at Perdices Street, Dumaguete City Cuttin’ Loose Hair Nail Studio located at Portal West Bldg. Silliman Avenue, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental. Art Box located at Sta. Rosa Street, Dumaguete City. David Salon located in front of Spanish Heritage San Jan Street, Dumaguete City Jade Spa Massage located at San Jose Street, Dumaguete City Grand Royal Spa located 2nd floor RM Building, North National Highway, Bantayan, Dumaguete City. These are the establishments which are considered the most competitive in the Beauty Industry and Spa industry wherein these businesses have already establish a name towards to their respective services.

Israeli Etgar Keret’s The Bus Driver Who Wanted to be God, and Iranian

Abstract Colonization most assuredly produced altered states of consciousness, in which the fundamental sense of â€Å"rightness† was understood to be subjective and culturally constructed, rather than naturally true. In conjunction with this realization came the idea that identity is not something personally owned, but rather, something inscribed upon a body or culture by an agent of power. In this case, identities were projected onto the natives by the imperialists. The colonial enterprise, particularly the European imperialist projects in the east, has forever changed concepts of identity, otherness, and power in both the Occident and the Orient. Both sides were indisputably and irrevocably altered; however, the effect upon native cultures (the colonized) was far greater than the effect on the imperial cultures (the colonizers). European colonizers were able to cherry-pick the greatest parts of â€Å"new† culture—their art, their music, their architecture, or their cuisine—and adopt or adapt it to modern imperial life. In many ways, the cultural practices and artifacts of a newly colonized civilization were treated like the natural resources (oil, silk, spice) the Europeans were there to gather: they mattered only in their usefulness to the empire. Unlike their imperial counterparts, however, the native peoples had no choice which customs and practices to adopt, and which to discard. The sheer military might and natur e of the colonial enterprise demanded that the colonized completely adapt to the social and cultural norms of the empire. In essence, then, the colonized were forced to lead a life of double consciousness, wherein they participated in customs and practices and obeyed laws and regulations in which they did ... ...periences with Western ideology, Etgar Keret and Marjane Satrapi offers methods for claiming identity that do not revolve around blind attempts to return to cultural roots. Works Cited Ghanem, Mary, and Jihad Makhoul. "Displaced Arab Families: Mothers' Voices on Living and Coping in Postwar Beirut." Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 5.3 (2009): 54-72. Web. 10 Dec 2009. Keret, Etgar. The Bus Driver Who Wanted to be God. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2001. Print. Said, Edward. Orientalism. New York: Random House, 1978. Print. Satrapi, Marjane. The Complete Persepolis. New York: Pantheon, 2003. Print. Troen, S. Ilan. "Frontier Myths and Their Applications in America and Israel: A Transnational Perspective." Journal of American History 86.3 (1999): 55 paragraphs. Web. 10 Dec 2009. . Israeli Etgar Keret’s The Bus Driver Who Wanted to be God, and Iranian Abstract Colonization most assuredly produced altered states of consciousness, in which the fundamental sense of â€Å"rightness† was understood to be subjective and culturally constructed, rather than naturally true. In conjunction with this realization came the idea that identity is not something personally owned, but rather, something inscribed upon a body or culture by an agent of power. In this case, identities were projected onto the natives by the imperialists. The colonial enterprise, particularly the European imperialist projects in the east, has forever changed concepts of identity, otherness, and power in both the Occident and the Orient. Both sides were indisputably and irrevocably altered; however, the effect upon native cultures (the colonized) was far greater than the effect on the imperial cultures (the colonizers). European colonizers were able to cherry-pick the greatest parts of â€Å"new† culture—their art, their music, their architecture, or their cuisine—and adopt or adapt it to modern imperial life. In many ways, the cultural practices and artifacts of a newly colonized civilization were treated like the natural resources (oil, silk, spice) the Europeans were there to gather: they mattered only in their usefulness to the empire. Unlike their imperial counterparts, however, the native peoples had no choice which customs and practices to adopt, and which to discard. The sheer military might and natur e of the colonial enterprise demanded that the colonized completely adapt to the social and cultural norms of the empire. In essence, then, the colonized were forced to lead a life of double consciousness, wherein they participated in customs and practices and obeyed laws and regulations in which they did ... ...periences with Western ideology, Etgar Keret and Marjane Satrapi offers methods for claiming identity that do not revolve around blind attempts to return to cultural roots. Works Cited Ghanem, Mary, and Jihad Makhoul. "Displaced Arab Families: Mothers' Voices on Living and Coping in Postwar Beirut." Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 5.3 (2009): 54-72. Web. 10 Dec 2009. Keret, Etgar. The Bus Driver Who Wanted to be God. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2001. Print. Said, Edward. Orientalism. New York: Random House, 1978. Print. Satrapi, Marjane. The Complete Persepolis. New York: Pantheon, 2003. Print. Troen, S. Ilan. "Frontier Myths and Their Applications in America and Israel: A Transnational Perspective." Journal of American History 86.3 (1999): 55 paragraphs. Web. 10 Dec 2009. .

Grandma’s Treats E-Commerce Security Options Essay

There are both advantages and disadvantages to providing an overly secure environment for e-commerce. The biggest advantage is consumer and business privacy. Grandma’s Treats needs to provide a secure environment so that unauthorized users are unable to see details of the consumer’s transactions, and purchases in particular. In this way consumers using Grandma’s Treats website will know they can make multiple purchases using their stored information and retain a sense of security regarding their transactions. To ensure this privacy for the consumer, encryption software installed on the server is necessary. A further advantage to a secure environment is consumer trust. When customers decide to make a purchase using their account with a password, they can trust that the security standards of the company are up to par with other, larger organizations. This type of secure environment would work best at serving the needs of wholesale and corporate accounts. A disadvantage of providing an overly secure e-commerce environment is if the company decides to use public key infrastructure, or PKI (Brayton, Finneman, Turajski, Wiltsey, 2006). In this instance, Grandma’s Treats would only be able to transmit a small amount of information. A second disadvantage to this overly secure environment is if Grandma’s Treats requires a user to log in to view its offerings, it may be considered an annoyance and a hindrance to purchasing. A final disadvantage is that this technology tends to slow down customer service. The time required to check out the online shopping cart will necessitate verification, which will make the purchasing process longer. Should this take too long, a customer may decide to log off and leave the website without finalizing a purchase. There are also advantages and disadvantages to providing an open, insecure e-commerce environment. Some advantages of setting up an open, insecure environment are quick browsing of products, easy navigation of the website, and the inexpensive cost of implementing it. To browse through the website of Grandma’s Treats, a customer wouldn’t first have to login and use a password. Consumers will also have the option of browsing through the offered products with ease. Providing an open, insecure environment is also an inexpensive option. The company will not need any specialized hardware or software to ensure security in its e-commerce environment. There are several disadvantages of setting up an open, insecure environment as well. The threat of hackers breaking into the server, and malware infecting the site, are two disadvantages of not providing proper security (CNET News.com Staff, 2008). An experienced hacker could easily gain access to customer information, financial transactions, and any other important information stored on the server. A variety of malware could cause a major problem for Grandma’s Treats and its website with the likely outcome of a system crash or possible infection of customers’ computers. While the damage could most likely be reversed, it would take time to repair and create distrust with the company’s customers. In light of these advantages and disadvantages as discussed, it is recommended that Grandma’s Treats employs a more middle of the road option. For certain purposes, such as making a purchase online, there should be security measures in place, such as requiring a customer to create an account and log in with a password. However, there should also be a selection of â€Å"front end† pages which are easily accessible to anyone browsing products. In this way Grandma’s Treats can best serve the needs of both valued customers and casual web browsers. References Brayton, J., Finneman, A., Turajski, N., Wiltsey, S., (October 10, 2006). â€Å"What is PKI?† Retrieved March 4, 2008, from the TechTarget Website: http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci214299,00.html CNET News.com Staff (February 11, 2008). â€Å"Security Bites Podcast: Nonpersistent Web Threats†. Retrieved March 4, 2008 from the CNET News.com Website: http://www.news.com/Security-Bites-Podcast-Nonpersistent-Web-threats/2324-12640_3-6230144.html?tag=item.

Comparing The Golden Pathway Annual to Blue Remembered Hills Essay

In the autumn term of 2006 I performed as Enid and The Head in The Golden Pathway Annual, a play by John Harding & John Burrows, for my scripted performance. The class was split into groups of three (which was very fitting as in The Golden Pathway Annual most scenes have only three characters, only the odd few scenes had four) and then given different extracts from the play. My group was exceptionally conscious in keeping the props, costumes and especially acting appropriate to the time period, so some brief research was done using the Internet to give us a better understanding of, for example, what statuses the mother and father would have in relation to each other, or what costumes should be worn. Obviously, a reading of the entire play was done prior to any rehearsals, so that the scenes that we would be performing made sense to us. We also read through Blue Remembered Hills, by Dennis Potter, as a class. The Golden Pathway Annual is almost completely non-naturalistic. The same actor plays Michael, the lead role, throughout all his ages – from the age of two-and-a-half into his adulthood. Also, two of the four actors play a range of characters, as opposed to one actor playing one character, as they would in a naturalistic play. At first glances, Blue Remembered Hills would seem to be a non-naturalistic play. Firstly, the characters are all children, whereas all the actors are adults, similar to The Golden Pathway Annual, where an adult actor would play the role of the child Michael. However, the scenarios in Blue Remembered Hills are completely naturalistic – everything that happens could happen in real life. In contrast, The Golden Pathway Annual has moments, such as the fantasy sequences, where Michael is a dog with members of the Famous Five, which are evidently not naturalistic. The other very naturalistic thing about Blue Remembered Hills is that the play is in ‘real-time’ – â€Å"one incident after another without the imposition or intervention of memory in the form of flashback† in Potter’s words. The play is set in one day, unlike The Golden Pathway Annual, which spans a time period of more than 20 years – there is even an instance in the beginning where the transition between two scenes indicates the change of several years, where a child had been born and raised to the age of two-and-a-half – not naturalistic in the slightest. The emotions in Blue Remembered Hills are very naturalistic. This is because the play shows realistic emotions and how the different characters would react, for instance when Donald dies towards the end, all the characters are â€Å"badly shaken†. If the emotions were non-naturalistic, such as in a comic style, the emotions would portray Donald’s death as humorous. The Golden Pathway Annual also has very naturalistic, touching moments, such as: Enid: What’s going to happen to us? George: When? Enid: When we die. Enid feels upset and slightly pessimistic now that Michael has left home, a natural reaction for a mother to feel. George, in the following lines, tries to be brave and attempts to convince Enid she’s â€Å"not talking sense† – an also natural thing for a husband to do. A noticeable difference between the two plays is the themes. The Golden Pathway Annual mainly has the theme of expectations, where Michael is pressured throughout his life, by his parents and by his school. He works hard, however this is only to find that all he worked for amounted to nothing. The main theme of Blue Remembered Hills is, in my opinion, childhood (other people may think differently – it depends on a person’s interpretation). The play goes through the emotions and activities of children, with an ending showing how all fun and games can end in catastrophe. Basing the two plays on their main themes, it could be said that they are divergent, however the two plays have other themes, which do relate the two of them. Nostalgia seems to be portrayed in both of the plays. A sense of looking back can be seen in both Dennis Potter’s and Ed Thomason’s (the director of the first The Golden Pathway Annual productions) introductions; â€Å"Every event in the script which had sparked off a personal memory, a moment of recognition for me, would do the same for an audience† (Ed Thomason). It is clear that The Golden Pathway Annual was written with the intention of nostalgia and Blue Remembered Hills was written using Potter’s memories. Both the plays similarly experience the theme of fantasy, however one experiences it naturalistically and the other non-naturalistically. Blue Remembered Hills has times when the children will imagine they are Indians and cowboys, for instance, running through the forest wailing and shooting each other with their imaginary guns. This is naturalistic, as the audience sees the children â€Å"playing pretend†. The Golden Pathway Annual has non-naturalistic fantasy sequences. Michael’s fantasies are much more like dreams – the audience views a dream where Michael is a dog or is James Bond; it is not Michael pretending he is James Bond. Although Blue Remembered Hills was written for television, a successful stage adaptation has been made of it. A problem posed by this, which is overcome in different ways, depending on the production, is the staging. There is a section towards the end where there are instant transitions between inside a barn and outside a barn. On television, this is easy to do, however on stage this is harder. Therefore, the staging must be unnatural – the stage could be split, for instance. This is alike to The Golden Pathway Annual, where the staging is very unnatural – such as in a scene I performed – a â€Å"Granny’s footsteps† scene, where Michael’s parents advance on him in the ironic fashion of this child’s game. As a group, we decided to stage it abstractly, similarly to the way Blue Remembered Hills would be staged. The Golden Pathway Annual is set during the 1940s and 1960s. Our group established this time period in many ways; one was the way the two parents related. I performed as Enid in a way that allowed George to be the more dominant character, reflecting on the main beliefs of that time, that men still seemed to be the â€Å"superior† gender. The Golden Pathway Annual begins just after the war, whereas Blue Remembered Hills is set during the war. It is interesting to see that just the two years changes the historic period entirely, making the two plays acted very differently. There is a similarity in time periods between the plays, and that is that the time period is a given circumstance – it is set, and cannot be changed. The reason Blue Remembered Hills cannot be changed is quite obviously as it is during the war, and the context of the play wouldn’t make sense without the time period. The time period in The Golden Pathway Annual is essential to the characters, plot and emotions; without the time period, the nostalgia of the play would be lost. In addition, the production notes stress the time period heavily. One difference I notice about the style of how the two plays are written is the freedom the writers allow for the production, and what given circumstances there are. Blue Remembered Hills seems to be more flexible with how the play can be performed. Potter gives an option of what Willie can be doing in the first scene, whereas Harding & Burrows have much more strict given circumstances, where the props, as examples, are much more set – the placing of the two chairs (which are the props that create the illusion of many other items in the play) is stated. Society and culture is a significant difference between the two plays. The Peters family in The Golden Pathway Annual is of working class. The family was hard-hit by the war – literally; their house was bombed and they lost â€Å"everything†. Society in the times of the beginning of when The Golden Pathway Annual is set had the popular belief that the future would get better, the high hopes due to the recent winning of the war. It was also believed that the young generation should make the best of what they have offered to them, a culture reflected deeply into Enid and George’s parenting, which is shown through all the pressure applied on Michael to do well at school and get good qualifications, so he can succeed in life. However, as the play progresses, we see that cultures change and Michael finds that â€Å"like the pound, his degree has devalued†. The class and culture are both very different in Blue Remembered Hills. The children spit, threaten and fight regularly in the play, something that Michael is never known to have experienced. Michael is always made presentable, as his parents believe that they need to fit in with the society. It is likely that the same case occurs in Blue Remembered Hills, however the culture is different – the entire town is likely to be of the â€Å"lower† agricultural class, working on the farms; the way the children behave is normal in the society they are in. It is clear that the upbringing of the children in Blue Remembered Hills is not to get a degree and do well in life and to better themselves, as Michael is in The Golden Pathway Annual; the children are parented in a sort of ‘the present matters’ mentality, in contrast to The Golden Pathway Annual where Enid and George have firm beliefs that it is the future that matters, and that everything is done for a child to better themselves in the future. In conclusion, I have learnt that although the two plays are very different in where they are set and the way the characters behave, similarities still lie in the themes and some of the styles, such as staging.

20 Idioms About Reptiles

20 Idioms About Reptiles 20 Idioms About Reptiles 20 Idioms About Reptiles By Mark Nichol The phrases and expressions listed in this post pertain to lizards and other reptiles, usually with a pejorative or otherwise negative allusion that reflects the dim view many people have of such animals. 1. After a while, crocodile: A lighthearted response to the rhyming slang â€Å"See you later, alligator† 2. Crocodile tears: Hypocritical or insincere expression of remorse or sadness, from the traditional belief that alligators shed tears to lure prey or when they are eating prey 3. If it was a snake it would have bit you: A hyperbolic observation that an object one seeks is nearby and obviously visible 4. Lot lizard: Derogatory slang for prostitutes who solicit in parking lots frequented by truck drivers 5. Lounge lizard: The male equivalent of a gold digger, a man who frequently visits bars and clubs in order to meet women, especially wealthy older women, to sexually or financially exploit them; the phrase alludes to such a man’s primitive impulses 6–9. Nurse/nurture a snake/viper in (one’s) bosom: To harbor someone that turns on his or her benefactor; a reference to one of Aesop’s fables, in which a snake bites a person who had taken care of it when it was injured 10. See you later, alligator: A humorous rhyming farewell, the traditional response to which is â€Å"After a while, crocodile† (sometimes abridged to â€Å"Later, alligator†) 11. Seeing snakes: Drunk to the point of hallucinating that one sees snakes where they are not (compare â€Å"pink elephants†) 12. Snake eyes: A slang reference to a roll of two dice in which only one spot shows on each, suggestive of the eyes of a snake 13. Snake in the grass: A deceitful person who pretends to befriend one for his or her own benefit 14–15. Snake oil/snake oil salesman: A fake remedy or solution, from the tradition of purveyors of such products offering them to gullible would-be customers; a snake oil salesman (traditionally, generally only men engaged in this practice, so the term is gender specific) is a person offering fake remedies or solutions 16. Snakes and ladders: A board game for children involving beneficial ladders and snakes that function as obstacles 17. Tortoise and the hare: An allusion to the wisdom of steady perseverance, from the characters in one of Aesop’s fables, about a plodding, methodical tortoise that wins a race against a fast but overconfident hare 18. Turn turtle: Turn upside down, from the notion of a turtle being overturned, unable to right itself 19. Turtle heading: The act, imitative of a turtle’s head extending from its shell, of looking over the top of an office cubicle wall to satisfy one’s curiosity about a stimulus (also called prairie dogging) 20. Up to (one’s) neck in alligators: A metaphorical reference to losing sight of one’s goal when overcome or preoccupied by pressures, from the expression â€Å"When you are up to your neck in alligators, it’s easy to forget that the goal was to drain the swamp† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyEnglish Grammar 101: Verb Mood75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard†

Michael Faraday, Inventor of the Electric Motor

Michael Faraday, Inventor of the Electric Motor Michael Faraday (born Sept. 22, 1791) was a British physicist and chemist who is best known for his discoveries of electromagnetic induction and of the laws of electrolysis. His biggest breakthrough in electricity was his invention of the electric motor. Early Life Born in 1791 to a poor family in the Newington, Surrey village of South  London, Faraday had a difficult childhood riddled with poverty. Faradays mother stayed at home to take care of Michael and his three siblings, and his father was a blacksmith who was often too ill to work steadily, which meant that the children frequently went without food. Despite this, Faraday grew up a curious child, questioning everything and always feeling an urgent need to know more. He learned to read at Sunday school for the Christian sect the family belonged to called the Sandemanians, which greatly influenced the way he approached and interpreted nature. At the age of 13, he became an errand boy for a bookbinding shop in London, where he would read every book that he bound and decided that one day he would write his own. At this bookbinding shop, Faraday became interested in the concept of energy, specifically force, through an article he read in the third edition of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Because of his early reading and experiments with the idea of force, he was able to make important discoveries in electricity later in life and eventually became a chemist and physicist. However, it wasnt until Faraday attended chemical lectures by Sir Humphry Davy at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in London that he was able to finally pursue his studies in chemistry and science. After attending the lectures, Faraday bound the notes he had taken and sent them to Davy to apply for an apprenticeship under him, and a few months later, he began as Davys lab assistant. Apprenticeships and Early Studies in Electricity Davy was one of the leading chemists of the day when Faraday joined him in 1812, having discovered sodium and potassium and studying the decomposition of muriatic (hydrochloric) acid that yielded the discovery of chlorine. Following the atomic theory of Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich, Davy and Faraday began to interpret the molecular structure of such chemicals, which would greatly influence Faradays ideas about electricity. When Faradays second apprenticeship under Davy ended in late 1820, Faraday knew  about as much chemistry as anyone else at the time, and he used this newfound knowledge to continue experiments in the fields of electricity and chemistry. In 1821, he married Sarah Barnard and took up permanent residence at the Royal Institution, where he would conduct research on electricity and magnetism. Faraday built two devices to produce what he called electromagnetic rotation, a continuous circular motion from the circular magnetic force around a wire. Unlike his contemporaries at the time, Faraday interpreted electricity as more of a vibration than the flow of water through pipes and began to experiment based off of this concept. One of his first experiments after discovering electromagnetic rotation was attempting to pass a ray of polarized light through an electrochemically decomposing solution to detect the intermolecular strains the current would produce. However, throughout the 1820s, repeated experiments yielded no results. It would be another 10 years before Faraday made a huge breakthrough in chemistry. Discovering Electromagnetic Induction In the next decade, Faraday  began his great series of experiments in which he discovered electromagnetic induction. These experiments would form the basis of the modern electromagnetic technology thats still used today. In 1831, using his induction ring- the first electronic transformer- Faraday made one of his greatest discoveries: electromagnetic induction, the induction or generation of electricity in a wire by means of the electromagnetic effect of a current in another wire. In the second series of experiments in September 1831 he discovered magneto-electric induction: the production of a steady electric current. To do this, Faraday attached two wires through a sliding contact to a copper disc. By rotating the disc between the poles of a horseshoe magnet, he obtained a continuous direct current, creating the first generator. From his experiments came devices that led to the modern electric motor, generator, and transformer. Continued Experiments, Death, and Legacy Faraday continued his  electrical  experiments throughout much of his later life. In 1832, he proved that the electricity induced from a magnet, voltaic electricity produced by a battery, and static electricity were all the same. He also did significant work in electrochemistry, stating the First and Second Laws of Electrolysis, which laid the foundation for that field and another modern industry. Faraday passed away in his home in Hampton Court on August 25, 1867, at the age of 75. He was buried  at Highgate Cemetery in North London.  A memorial plaque was set up in his honor at Westminster Abbey Church, near Isaac Newtons burial spot.   Faradays influence extended to a great many leading scientists. Albert Einstein was known to have had a portrait of Faraday on his wall in his study, where it hung  alongside pictures of legendary physicists Sir Isaac Newton  and  James Clerk Maxwell. Among those who praised his achievements were Earnest Rutherford, the father of nuclear physics. Of Faraday he once stated, When we consider the magnitude and extent of his discoveries and their influence on the progress of science and of industry, there is no honour too great to pay to the memory of Faraday, one of the greatest scientific discoverers of all time.

The Role of Jeremiah in Judah and Israel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Role of Jeremiah in Judah and Israel - Essay Example This was a very difficult period in Jewish history. The Jews were being mercilessly persecuted and were subject to great abuse. No one knew what would become of them. It might be expected that people were ready to listen to a real seer who could lead them away from misfortune, but this wasnt exactly the case. No one really listened to Jeremiah very much. He knew a lot, and had a lot of gravity and respect, but few people followed him. This is an excellent description of the way he came to be what he was and how people viewed him:    Jeremiah witnessed the fall of the Assyrian Empire and the death of King Josiah. Though the people deeply mourned the death of their beloved King Josiah, the chief mourner was the prophet Jeremiah, for he knew very well that with the untimely passing of this last pious king, the end of Judea as an independent state was unavoidable. Indeed, after Josiahs death the people soon reverted to idolatry. Jeremiah was shocked by the new relapse of his people and strove hard to stem the tide of spiritual depravity which was threatening to undermine their high moral standards. The book of Jeremiah reveals an introspective person, a prophet struggling and often overcome by the role into which he has been placed by God. He doesnt quite know who is or how he can best serve God and in what capacity exactly. He doesn’t even especially want to be a prophet. Jeremiah made many efforts to warn the people of Israel—which they did not listen to—and also made prayers to God to grant the people mercy. In fact, he did this so much that he was ordered by God to â€Å"pray no more for this people† (Jer. 7:16, 14:11). Sometimes Jeremiah engages in what may seem like strange behaviour, acting out parables, for example by walking about in the streets with a yoke about his neck and trying to get people to pay attention to him. Others engage in rival acts that parody and critique his. He is taunted, put in jail, and at one point

Interracial Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interracial Marriage - Essay Example As such, religiously, some groups approve of interracial marriages, where they concern themselves with acceptance and their conception of divinity and spiritual leaders. In reference to this issue of religion, certain groups encourage interracial marriages as they are viewed as propagation of the world’s population, which can be found in the bible (Christian Answers, n.d.). Other religions, however, are against these marriages as they are viewed to be in contradiction of the pure religious bred of believers or of a spiritual group. This is because the group is fully dedicated to purity and restricts its members to people of a certain color only, thus seeing excommunicating people who breach their regulations. In relation to the overall benefits and disadvantages of interracial marriages, a lot can be said, or even deduced, where these two aspects of interracial marriages cover a large scope. Following the merits, interracial marriages see personal growth in both parties involved and even their close associates, as it offers a unique environment. In this environment, one gets to comprehend the challenges that a spouse faces in an attempt to fit into a new culture, and due to racial differences (Landry, 2009). This is in relation to feeling left out, which allows spouses to develop a new level of racial empathy and acceptance, as well as identity for difficult situations. Consequently, spouses also learn the concept of dispelling stereotypes against the other race as one gets to know the spouse. This can be seen in cases where there are misconceptions about other races, and these can easily be eradicated by interracial marriages as they give room for interaction. This also means that inter racial marriages create a crucial opportunity to end social segregation as all parties and their misconception of one another can be dispelled, and acceptance

Discuss the importance of the manuscript in Medieval art. Explain and Essay

Discuss the importance of the manuscript in Medieval art. Explain and explore issues of authorship, production, patronage, style, and technique - Essay Example echanical means ÃŽ ¿f reproduction.[23] Consistent with a long medieval tradition, contemporary sources praised the opulence ÃŽ ¿f the materials or the technical appropriateness ÃŽ ¿f the finished product in terms ÃŽ ¿f "good" images, something that pleased the eye ÃŽ ¿f the beholder as well as the Creator.[24] In his impressive two-part volume Lilian Randall (1997) describes eighty-four codices and eighty-two unbound items produced in the medieval southern Netherlands, approximately equivalent to modern-day Belgium. It follows her equally impressive coverage ÃŽ ¿f manuscripts from France (vol. I, 1989; vol. II, in 2 parts, 1992); between them they cover about two-thirds ÃŽ ¿f the Western manuscripts at the Walters. The first thing to say to anyone who does not know the previous catalogues is that the descriptions are extremely detailed: for example, the description ÃŽ ¿f the Beaupre Antiphonary (cat. nos 219A-D) fills more than thirty pages. Catalogues ÃŽ ¿f medieval manuscripts might be said to fall into two broad types: on the one hand there are those that aim to provide readers with just enough information to help them decide whether they ought to consult the original in person; and on the other hand, there are those that provide so much information that the reader either does not have to consult the original, or can be confident that it is indeed worth the cost and effort ÃŽ ¿f a visit to examine the original. Randalls catalogues lie squarely in the second camp. Like many collections ÃŽ ¿f manuscripts (as opposed to libraries) formed during the last century or so, the Walters manuscripts were acquired largely for their decoration, and it is therefore appropriate that Randall provides perhaps the most detailed descriptions ÃŽ ¿f decoration to be found in any catalogue. But her descriptions are not aimed only at the art historian: equal care is given to all the features that one would hope to find covered in a catalogue ÃŽ ¿f undecorated manuscripts, such as the identification ÃŽ ¿f

The Barriers for Women in Career Advancement

The Barriers for Women in Career Advancement Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW This sections presents a review of literature pertinent to this study including a history of mentoring, the barriers for women in career advancement, the relationship between mentoring and career advancement, mentoring in healthcare administration, and the advantages and disadvantages of formal and informal mentoring. History of Mentoring Mentoring is rooted in Greek mythology and arose as a concept in a story where Athena, the goddess of wisdom, assumed a male form and called herself Mentor. Athena acted as a surrogate parent to Telemachus when the boys father, Odysseus, fought in the Trojan War. Athena provided guidance and instruction to the boy as the latter assumed the leadership of the household and groomed him to be Ithacas future ruler (Butler, 1944). Hence, the concept of mentoring has been shaped by the notion of a relationship where a more experienced adult guides a youthful individual (Kram, 1985). More specifically, Kram (1985) describes mentoring as â€Å"a relationship between a younger adult and an older, more experienced adult [who] helps the younger individual learn to navigate the adult world and the world of work† (p. 2). Lacey (2001) states that the term â€Å"mentor† has since evolved to represent either a counselor, teacher, or friend and the mentoring relationship now connotes a p artnership where the primary purpose is the exchange of information and knowledge distinct to a given industry or organization. Other authors refer to mentoring relationships as â€Å"sponsor, patron, and godfather† relationships (Rowe, 1978, as cited in Kram, 1985). A literature review on mentoring across various disciplines by Hayes (2001) produced the definition of mentoring â€Å"as a process of building trust between two people, one is experienced and the other is a newcomer† (p. 29). Carmin (1988) provides a comprehensive definition of mentoring: Mentoring is a complex, interactive process, occurring between individuals of differing levels of experience and expertise that incorporates interpersonal or psychosocial development, career, and/or educational development, and socialization functions into the relationship. This one-to-one relationship is itself developmental and proceeds through a series of stages which help to determine both the conditions affecting the outcomes of the process. (p. 10) Mentoring as a field of study started with the 1978 research of Levinson et al. on adult mens career development experiences (as cited in Kram, 1985). Levinson and his colleagues concluded that the mentoring relationship was a pivotal experience in a young adults life because aside from receiving knowledge from mentors, the experience also shapes a persons self-esteem and professional identity. Kram (1995) identifies two broad types of mentor functions: career-related support and psychosocial support. Career-related support refers to the support mechanisms provided by the mentor that boosts the mentees career advancement within the organization. Component functions associated with career-related mentoring include â€Å"sponsorship, exposure and visibility, coaching, protection, and challenging assignments† (p. 86). Due to the mentors influence and high status, experience, and leadership position in the organization, the mentee receives the best hands-on training and gets assistance on learning more about the organization itself and its inner workings, receives exposure to the mentors social networks, and acquires promotions. In this regard, the mentor sees him or herself in the mentees shoes and want to groom a future executive in his or her fashion. Allen Eby (2002) view that mentors and mentee alike benefit from the mentoring relationship and that mentors are fuel ed by the desire to ensure the success of the next generation of leaders. Kram (1985) theorized the mentors can provide five specific career development functions (as cited in Ragins Cotton, 1999): Sponsoring promotions and lateral moves (sponsorship); Coaching the protà ©gà © (coaching); Protecting the protà ©gà © from adverse forces (protection); Providing challenging assignments (challenging assignments); and Increasing the protà ©gà ©s exposure and visibility (exposure). (p. 530) The second mentoring function is psychosocial in nature. The psychosocial function of mentoring addresses â€Å"those aspects of a relationship that enhance an individuals sense of competence, identity, and effectiveness in a professional role† (Kram, 1985, p. 32). Krams mentor role theory (1985) suggests that there are four components of psychosocial support that mentors can provide to mentees (as cited in Ragins Cotton, 1999): Helping the protà ©gà © develop a sense of professional self (acceptance and confirmation); Providing problem-solving and a sounding board (counseling); Giving respect and support (friendship); and Providing identification and role modeling. (p. 530) Where career support is dependent upon the mentors power and influence within the organization, psychosocial support focus on the emotional bond and the interpersonal relationship underlying the mentoring relationship. Career support aims at advancing the protà ©gà ©s career while psychosocial support is geared at improving the protà ©gà ©s personal development. Barriers for Women in Career Advancement Compared to several decades past, women have made leaps in terms of advancing toward senior executive positions formerly monopolized by men. However, career advancement opportunities for women still lag considerably compared to the men. Tharenou (1999) estimates that although women in developing countries make up almost half of the entire workforce, only 5 percent of them are situated in top executive positions. A worrisome fact is that while there seems to be equal opportunities for men and women in entry-level positions, the road toward the more senior levels are unfortunately blocked for women. While is undeniable that the greater workforce composition of women is one of the most positive social changes in the twenty-first century, struggle for equal opportunity persist as women are still excluded from the top positions in the organizational hierarchy. This phenomenon has been referred to as the â€Å"glass ceiling,† a term originally used in 1986 by a Wall Street journalist to connote the status of women in the corporate world. The term was coined as a description of the complex barriers that block womens opportunities to break through the top levels in the organization. This â€Å"glass ceiling† is especially evident when one looks at rarity of female senior executives in organizations of virtually all disciplines. The concept of the glass ceiling was recognized and accepted as a public term when the 1992 Federal Glass Ceiling Commission concluded that there were indeed several barriers that hindered women and other minority groups to achieve their full potential within the career ladder. The same study confirmed that â€Å"gendered† structural and organizational barriers prevented women from attaining the most senior level positions in several companies. Moreover, it lamented on the so-called â€Å"hegemonic masculinity† that is pervasive in the organizational culture in corporate America (Woody Weiss, 1994). Many studies have reported on the various barriers that women encounter during professional advancement. A report by womens group Catalyst (1994) listed the most common barriers identified by mid-level managers that prevent them from advancing further into the top-level positions. These barriers include (as cited in Arnold Shinew, 1997): stereotyping and preconcepts about suitability for leadership positions; exclusion from informal networks of communication; absence of effective management training for female employees; failure to hold upper level managers accountable for developing and advancing women; inadequate appraisal and compensation systems, leading to inequities in salaries; inflexibility in defining work schedules; and absence of programs that enable employees to balance work/non-work responsibilities. (pp. 42-43) The work of researchers Henderson and Bialeschki (1995) has been influential in comprehensive studies that aim to identify the different barriers that women face in their pursuit of upward career mobility. They conducted a nationwide survey among women practitioners in the recreation and leisure industry. The researchers grouped the different barriers into three broad categories: individual, organizational, and home/family. By examining career patterns, family situations, career satisfaction, and equity in the workplace issues, they found that stereotyping and gender-based discrimination remains the greatest barrier for women that prevent them from advancing to the top tier of the corporate ladder. More than half of them also reported being sexually harassed. Other identified barriers include the lack of training, lack of mentors, and womens exclusion from â€Å"male-only† networks. Another study by Frisby and Brown (1991) surveyed 30 women mid-level managers belonging to leisure-oriented organizations in order to examine their career experiences as they struggled their way to the top. Consistent with previous findings, women in middle management reported that the most common barriers they encountered from advancing in their careers include career interruptions due to pregnancy or family issues, the lack of role models or mentors, the lack of support from senior executive to promote women, exclusion, gender stereotyping, personal factors, and exclusion from male-dominated social networks. Frisby (1992) did a follow-up study to examine in a more comprehensive manner the factors that hinder the career development of women in leisure organizations. Using a descriptive-quantitative design, Frisby grouped the various barriers reported by women managers that have influenced their career direction and mobility. There were legislative factors such as gender discrimination, pay equity, and laws on sexual harassment; organizational factors such as patriarchy, exclusion from networks, flexible work options, difficulty in dealing with male-dominated organizational culture, lack of training and mentoring opportunity; and individual factors such as gender, education, and geographical mobility; and lastly, family factors that include lack of support from spouse and difficulty balancing work-family responsibilities. Due to the complex and varied nature of identified barriers for women, studies by Henderson Bialeschki (1995) and by Woody Weiss (1994) have grouped these barriers into three categories: a) Individual factors; b) Organizational/Structural factors; and c) Family or Home-related factors. Individual factors as barriers Individual traits and skills are often attributed for laggard career advancement among females. Individual factors such as age, educational attainment, skills, experience, proficiency, or ability are related to advancement. There remains gender stereotypes on what men can do that women cannot that justifies greater upward mobility for males. Some express that women lack the necessary attributes such as assertiveness, motivation, or networking skills to advance in careers (Vecchio 2002). The simple fact of â€Å"being female† thus becomes a potent barrier for career advancement among women. For instance, there is a double standard when it comes to appreciating leadership in females. Morrison, Greene and Tischler (1985) opine that when women display competence in leadership, they are viewed negatively while men who visibly lead are appreciated. Similarly, succession in vacated executive positions is usually based on the gender of the previous occupant of the position or the job. Since most senior executive positions are dominated by males, women are immediately excluded from consideration. Moreover, females are placed in â€Å"traditionally-female† positions such as staffing and human resources and cannot be promoted to higher positions that are â€Å"traditionally-male† in nature. Age can also be a barrier as individuals who are deemed â€Å"too young† or â€Å"too old† may not be deemed suitable for senior executive positions. Organizational factors as barriers Most research studies conclude that the biggest barriers to career advancement among women are beyond their personal control. The Glass Ceiling Commission indicts organizational and structural barriers as the most predominant barrier toward womens upward climb in the career ladder (Woody Weiss, 1994). Bergmann (1986) opined that organizational structures specifically job assignments are designed to prevent women from ascending to the top. Job assignments are considered to be the primary route for career advancement. Organizational structures â€Å"steer away† womens potential for upward mobility by confining them to work roles that are considered to be â€Å"womens occupations.† Bergmann cites a study by Forbes that the quickest way to the top of corporations is placement in functional areas or crucial job assignments that lead to the accomplishment of critical organizational tasks (p. 88). Klenke (1996) suggests that women face an exclusion policy that prevents them from penetrating the â€Å"old boys† network. Access to such networks is considered a significant step to gaining upward mobility in organizations. One can access information and learn more about the organization not possible in regular communication channels. Another barrier cited by women is the lack of mentoring opportunities from male superiors. For instance, Dreher and Cox (1996) found that females find it difficult to gain informal mentors who are male. If they do find a male mentor, they also face challenges in the course of the mentoring relationships especially in relation to its nature and possibility of misinterpretation. Some female managers even report being subjected to sexual harassment. Cooper Jackson (2001) contends that the scarcity of women role models is another perceived barrier toward advancement. Organizational leadership is predominantly patterned after the male form of leadership. Since acquiring senior executive positions are blocked, developing women role models that would inspire and motivate women and neutralize male-dominate culture in the organization becomes challenging. Moreover, because women lack opportunities for role modeling or mentoring relationships, they often fail to plan their career and build effective networking strategies. The reality of stereotyping has been found to affect womens career advancement deeply. Because of gender stereotyping, women feel isolated and discouraged because they perceive themselves unable to blend well or fit in with the patriarchal culture of senior executive leadership. Sometimes, this perception leads them to believe that have to change considerably in order to suit the male-dominated culture of the top hierarchy. Davidson and Cooper (1986) report that gender stereotyping in the organization leads to higher stress levels among women than men. This is because gender stereotyping often pressures women to exert extra effort or to work harder and perform better than their male counterparts in order to prove themselves equal to them. Women tend to believe that in order to achieve their career goals, they have to over-perform to counter the effects of negative gender stereotyping. Even when women are promoted and do acquire senior executive status, there is a prevailing norm that they have to perform even better than their male colleagues to prove themselves worthy of the position. Powell and Butterfield (as cited in Collinson Hean, 2001) state that stereotyping also leads to social isolation among female managers and their heavy dependence on formalized relationships for career advancement. Female managers put a prime on their professional portfolio and credentials when they pursue promotional opportunities whereas men can depend on informal networks to advance in their careers. Collinson and Hearn (2001) believe that unless the patriarchal nature of institutions are broken down, women will find it difficult to advance their careers in what is considered male territory. They define patriarchy as a process and a context through which male supremacy is promoted by men and institutions. Patriarchy is a stumbling block for women because it â€Å"control[s] access to hierarchical power and characteristics of knowledge claims† (Collinson and Hearn, 2001, p. 23). In this environment, cultural practices and information flow signify male authority, hence, placing women as mere subordinates to men. However, the problem with patriarchy is that it is a â€Å"complementary process† that is legitimized by both women and men and forms part of the organizational culture. In this manner, male dominance becomes a self-perpetuating phenomenon in organizations. Moreover, Collison and Hearn (2001) opine that executive culture is a male realm. They believe that wome n are not accepted wholly into the workforce but are merely tolerated. Hence, the notion of â€Å"patriarchal elitism† especially in top executive culture is widespread (p. 8). Pringle (1999) contends that female managers lack access to networks, trainings, and mentoring programs because they are usually gender-based and male-gendered. The domination of men in organizations is sustained with constant identification with one another. Perpetuating a gendered organizational culture leaves women managers isolated and places them in a situation where executive leadership feels very much like engaging in constant â€Å"physical combat† (Sinclair, as cited in Pringle, 1999, p.8). Home-related factors as barriers The barriers that women encounter extend far beyond the confines of the workplace to the home. For many female managers, the home environment presents several obstacles that must be overcome in order to achieve upward mobility. One obstacle is that some women managers, especially, those with families, experience the so-called â€Å"second shift syndrome† where they must work on the first shift in the workplace and continue on the second shift in the home environment. The burden of juggling work-related goals with family responsibilities is a serious concern for some women. Women who find themselves in this circumstance are also called â€Å"dual career women† where performance at work and at home are necessary. To perform this balancing act between professional development and personal life may prove too difficult for some women in many ways. Some of them eventually may find inadequate support from their respective families to pursue career advancement goals. A 1995 survey by recruiting company Robert Haff and Associates (1995) found that more than 80 percent of women managers who were interviewed preferred a job that featured more flexible hours, provided more family time, and slow-paced advancement than grueling jobs that featured rapid career mobility. In a sense, because of additional responsibility at home and with their families, women do not perceive career mobility as â€Å"a methodical rise to power† (Aburdene Naisbitt, as cited in Pringle, 1999, p. 43). Unlike the men, women do not focus on the singular objective of professional advancement but struggle to â€Å"do it all† and come up with more creative ways to reap professional success. Research also reports that women managers continue to bear the brunt of carrying the â€Å"double burden† of family and work. They have to be successful equally in the home and at work. In the home environment, they need to assume the manifold tasks of wife and homemaker and struggle to become equals with men in the workplace at the same time. Sue Newell opines that so long as women continue to juggle these dual roles, they may never achieve the parity they need and deserve in relation to men in the work environment (Newell, 1992). However, studies have also found the home and family-related barriers do not necessarily interfere with motivation and career success among many women. The problem with having the additional burden of family responsibility for women is that it is viewed as a negative thing. Research has suggested that many companies look at women with home-related commitments with disfavor (Swiss Walker, as cited in Pringle, 1999). What is worse is that some women may even be penalized career-wise for having commitments outside of the professional realm. Having marital and family responsibilities may not interfere in terms of commitment among women but these factors might slow down the promotional opportunities of woman managers. Some women have reported that the workplace was inviting and conducive to success when they were single and changed considerably to a more unwelcome environment when they got married and had children. In an article, management expert Douglas T. Hall (1990) suggested that in order to provide more access for women in terms of career advancement, companies need to come up with strategies that promote balance between work and family responsibilities. Among the strategies he recommend were more flexible work schedules and expanded use of home-based work option.